PREDICTING FACTOR OF SELF MANAGEMENT ON HEALTH STATUS OF TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS IN DISTRICT HEALTH PROMOTION HOSPITALS, MUANG LAMPANG, THAILAND

Abstract

The chronic metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus is a rapid-growing worldwide health problem. In Thailand, it has been shown that almost diabetic patients, up to 90%, are type II diabetes. The Bureau of Non Communicable Disease, Ministry of Public Health reported the increasing number of diabetic mortality rate per 100,000 person raises from 14.93 in 2013 to 17.83 in 2015. Among 670,000 diabetic patients, about 35-40% of those cannot control the level of blood sugar and consequently have chronic complications because of hyperglycemia; cardiovascular illness, retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic foot, for example. This study is descriptive design aimed to explain the predicting factor of self-management on health status among 380 type II diabetic patients using 5A’s Behavior change model adapted for self-management support as a conceptual framework. The data was analyzed using multiple regression.

The results showed that the interaction between self-assessment of knowledge and behavior (Assess), received information and health care services (Advise), support from care givers family and social (Assist) was a significant predictor of health status and explained 8.9% of variance in health status. Those three predicting factor had a positive effect on health status. In order to maintain a good health status and also control the level of blood sugar in type II diabetic patients, health care professions should take to mind that there are three main issues of self-management as followed: 1) the assess patient knowledge, conviction and confidence regarding target behavior, 2) advise them an important information and share evidence-based guidelines with patients to encourage their participation, and 3) assist patient to address all barrios and create the strategies based on their background to achieve target behavior.